Who invented cowpox vaccine

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By , England and South Africa had either destroyed their stocks or transferred them to other approved labs. Three-year-old Rahima Banu with her mother in Bangladesh. Rahima was the last known person to have had naturally acquired smallpox in the world.

An 8-year-old girl named Bilkisunnessa reported the case to the local Smallpox Eradication Program team and received a Taka reward. Foster M. WHO poster commemorating the eradication of smallpox in October , which was officially endorsed by the 33rd World Health Assembly on May 8, Courtesy of WHO. Skip directly to site content Skip directly to page options Skip directly to A-Z link. Section Navigation. Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Syndicate. History of Smallpox. Minus Related Pages.

Origin of Smallpox The origin of smallpox is unknown. Spread of Smallpox Historians trace the global spread of smallpox to the growth of civilizations and exploration. Early Control Efforts Smallpox was a terrible disease.

Edward Jenner — Photo courtesy of the National Library of Medicine. Last Cases of Smallpox In late , three-year-old Rahima Banu from Bangladesh was the last person in the world to have naturally acquired variola major. World Free of Smallpox Almost two centuries after Jenner hoped that vaccination could annihilate smallpox, the 33 rd World Health Assembly declared the world free of this disease on May 8, We know now that the cowpox virus belongs to the Orthopox family of viruses. Orthopox viruses also include horsepox virus, monkeypox virus and variola viruses, which cause smallpox.

Edward Jenner , an English doctor, was the first to study and report on the effects of the use of cowpox vaccination to prevent smallpox. Edward Jenner , an English doctor, learned from a milkmaid that she believed herself protected from smallpox because she had caught cowpox from a cow.

However, there are claims that inoculation was invented around ad by a Taoist or Buddhist monk or nun and practised as a mixture of medicine, magic and spells, covered by a taboo, so it was never written down.

Meanwhile, in India, 18th century accounts of the practice of inoculation using a needle trace it back to Bengal, where it had apparently been used for many hundreds of years. There are also claims that inoculation had in fact been practised in India for thousands of years and is described in ancient Sanscrit texts, although this has been contested. Given the similarities between inoculation as practised in India and in the Ottoman Empire, it may be more likely that variolation, as described by Lady Montagu, had its roots in India, and it may have emerged in China independently.

However, given that the ancient accounts of inoculation in India are contested, it is also possible that the procedure was invented in the Ottoman Empire and spread along the trade routes to Africa and the Middle East to reach India.

Regardless of geographical origin, the story of inoculation eventually led to one of the greatest medical achievements of humankind: the eradication of smallpox in And of course, it inspired the development of vaccines for many more infectious diseases, turning this planet into a much safer place. University of Washington UW. On May 14, , two diesel trains carrying commuters crash head-on, killing 42 people and injuring over more near Shigaraki, Japan. This was the worst rail disaster in Japan since a November Yokohama crash killed people.

Shigaraki, a town near Kyoto, is famous for Nurses discovered her missing at a. Two hours later, her body was found with The Soviet Union and seven of its European satellites sign a treaty establishing the Warsaw Pact, a mutual defense organization that put the Soviets in command of the armed forces of the member states. The Warsaw Pact, so named because the treaty was signed in Warsaw, included On May 14, , delegates to the Constitutional Convention begin to assemble in Philadelphia to confront a daunting task: the peaceful overthrow of the new American government as defined by the Article of Confederation.

Although the convention was originally supposed to begin on